An international team of astronomers using gravitational lensing observations from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has taken an important step forward in the quest to solve the riddle of dark energy, a phenomenon which mysteriously appears to power the Universe’s accelerating expansion. Their results appear in the 20 August 2010 issue of the journal Science.

This video zooms in on the galaxy cluster Abell 1689 as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope. Overlaid in purple is the distribution of dark matter in the galaxy cluster. The distribution of normal and dark matter in the lens, the relative geometry of the lens and distant galaxies behind the cluster, and the effect of dark energy on the geometry of the universe, together explain the distorted shapes of some of the galaxies visible here. Astronomers are able to use this relationship to probe the properties of dark energy.

credit: NASA, ESA, ESO/Digitized Sky Survey 2, E. Jullo (JPL/LAM), P. Natarajan (Yale) and J-P. Kneib (LAM). Music: John Dyson (from the album “Moonwind”). Acknowledgment: Davide De Martin